Creative Movement, Harlem Renaissance, Helped Black People...

During the early 1900s, African Americans in the South faced several difficult struggles. To escape these hardships, many decided to travel to the North in search of a better life. The time period when millions of black Americans abandoned their old southern lives and migrated to cities in the Northeast, Midwest, and West is known as the Great Migration. (Wilkerson). Once settled in these cities, African Americans were pleased find that they were able to express themselves through art, literature, and music. This creative movement was known as the Harlem Renaissance. The Great Migration influenced the Harlem Renaissance because it led African Americans to northern cities where they gathered together and made amazing creative achievements.†¦show more content†¦The struggling economy led to the Great Migration because it gave many African Americans another reason to travel to the North. Not only did the South have economic problems, but there was also discrimination towards th eir black citizens. They put voting restrictions into place to keep African Americans away from the polls. Some of these restrictions include literacy tests, poll taxes, and grandfather clauses. Many blacks could not afford to pay the poll taxes, which kept them from casting their vote. Others were uneducated and illiterate, so they would not be able to pass to literacy tests. On the rare occasion that an African American was able to overcome these restrictions and actually cast their vote, they were exposed to a whole new threat known as the KKK. The KKK (Klu Klux Klan) was a hate group that used scare tactics and violence to keep southern blacks from exercising their right to vote. If the KKK received word that an African American had voted in the South, they would most likely go to his house in the night and either scare, hurt, or kill him. A popular tactic used by the KKK was lynching, which is a public hanging of someone without a legal trial. These voting restrictions and hate groups served as a push factor for African Americans to come to the North, since they realized that they were not seen as equals in the South. Black Americans had their sights set on northern cities likeShow MoreRelatedThe Harlem Renaissance Movement By Zora Neale Hurston, Langston Hughes, And Ralph Waldo Ellison931 Words   |  4 PagesKnown as one the most impactful movements on African American arts, the Harlem Renaissance Movement represented a period of artistic and intellectual change that initiated a new identity on black culture. Often called the â€Å"New Negro† Era, the Harlem Renaissance opened doors for African American to express themselves in the form of visual arts, musical elements, and even performing arts during the 1920s. Due to this movement, Harlem became the city that â€Å"gave African Americans a physical culturalRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance850 Words   |  4 Pages Giselle Villanueva History IB Mr. Flores February 7, 2016 Period 4 Word Count: 693 Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance was the first period in the history of the United States in which a group of black poets, authors, and essayist seized the opportunity to express themselves. The Great Migration was the movement of six million African Americans from the rural South to the cities of the North during 1916 to 1970. Driven from their homes by unsatisfactory economic opportunities and harsh segregationistRead MoreThe Critical Impacts Of The Harlem Renaissance1066 Words   |  5 PagesAberjhani once stated The best of humanity’s recorded history is a creative balance between horrors endured and victories achieved, and so it was during the Harlem Renaissance. 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Having been researched and debatedRead MoreImpact Of Langston Hughess Contribution To Harlem Renaissance1697 Words   |  7 PagesLangston Hughes contribution to Harlem Renaissance Harlem was founded back in the 17th century as a Dutch outpost. Harlem adjoins New York City and host a large population of the African American Community. The blacks found New York City to be more accommodative to their culture and ideologies, during the great migration of the early 1900s, Harlem became the major destination and it became home to many African Americans. [1] Harlem received over time, Harlem developed from a farming village to becomeRead MoreA New Beginning For African Americans Essay1291 Words   |  6 Pagesliterary, intellectual, and artistic movement occurred that kindled the African Americans a new cultural identity. This movement became known as the Harlem Renaissance, which is also known as the â€Å"New Negro Movement†. With this movement, African Americans sought out to challenge the â€Å"Negro† stereotype that they had received from others while developing innovation and great cultural activity. The Harlem Renaissance became an artistic expl osion in the creative arts. Thus, many African Americans turnedRead MoreThe Counter Culture of the 1920s Essay1493 Words   |  6 PagesCounter culture is a culture that primarily consists of younger people, with values and lifestyles opposing those of the original established culture. (Dictionary.com) A need for change. The 1920’s are also known as the â€Å"Jazz Age,† which was coined by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and the â€Å"Roaring Twenties.† It was a decade of change. (Hakim, 41) The counterculture of the 1920’s resulted from the Age of Jazz, Flappers, and the Harlem Renaissance. Out of the streets of New Orleans, a new form of music aroseRead MoreHarlem Renaissance the Hip Hop Movement2779 Words   |  12 PagesHarlem Renaissance and the Hip-hop Movement AN OVERVIEW The Harlem Renaissance and the Hip-Hop Movement are a culmination of co-related cultural art forms that have emerged out of the black experience. White people understood black people more through their expression of art during both movements. Both movements brought about a broad cross-racial following and, ironically, in both instances brought about a better understanding of the black experience for white America. The bridge betweenRead MoreThe Legacy Of African Americans2320 Words   |  10 PagesAfrican Americans have endured many trials and tribulations over the centuries. Our people have suffered from war, violence, and anguish simply because of the color of our skin. Our history has been so blatantly missing from textbooks and the K-12th grade educational atmosphere. Our educational system continues to neglect the history of our African American ancestors and fail to provide them with the educational resources to inform them of our past and allow them to learn about the true origins ofRead MoreBrief Summary of the Harlem Renaissance.1863 Words   |  8 PagesHarlem Renaissance Variously known as the New Negro movement, the New Negro Renaissance, and the Negro Renaissance, the movement emerged toward the end of World War I in 1918, blossomed in the mid- to late 1920s, and then faded in the mid-1930s. The Harlem Renaissance marked the first time that mainstream publishers and critics took African American literature seriously and that African American literature and arts attracted significant attention from the nation at large. Although it was primarily

Interference Party To Conducting Business †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Interference Party To Conducting Business? Answer: Introducation In business situation the two types of torts that are primarily applicable are that of negligence and misrepresentation. The tort of Negligence an action can be brought against the wrongdoer in the situation where there was a duty of care that was owed to the plaintiff and where due to breach of such duty harm was suffered by the plaintiff. The tort of negligence to be established requires that there should be a duty of care, this duty of care should have been breach, there should be damage or loss suffered by the plaintiff and the cause of such damage or loss in the breach (Henderson James, 2017). The first being that of duty to care there is management to have existed in a given scenario a duty to care. If there is proximity between the parties it would be considered that there existed a duty to care. In order for establishing that there existed a duty of care which has been breached it is at the standard of care that the court will look into first which would be expected to maint ain in a given circumstance. The test of reasonable foreseeability meaning thereby if the breach was reasonably foreseen by a person in the same place and what a reasonable person would have done or not done in the given situation. If the defendant has acted in a manner that is unreasonable it would be considered to have breached his duties. The negligence is required to be a condition of the harm that has been caused under the rule of causation, and the harm is required to fall within the liability and scope of the defendant. The but for test deals with issues relating to remoteness and causation and is essential when determining whether there would not have been loss that was sustained but for the negligence of the defendant. The but for was established in the case of Cork v. Kirby (Cork v. Kirby, [1952]) wherein the court had opined that the employees life would have been saved but for the employers negligence and hence there was breach of duty for which the employers would be held liable (Gilo and Guttel, 20 17). The tort of Misrepresentation is when there is a false statement that is made by when party to induce the other party to enter into a contract however, such a statement is actually not contained in the contract (Paterson, Robertson and Duke, 2009). For it to be established that there was misrepresentation the requirements which are to be satisfied are that first in the statement of opinion there should be a statement of fact that is involved (Smith v Land House Property Corp, [1884]). second being that where there a statement that has been made with respect to future it may involve a statement of fact (Eddington v Fitzmaurice, [1885]), third that it may also be a statement of law (Public Trustee v Taylor, [1978]). Fourth being that it is not silence but an actual positive statement that has been made, however where there is a duty of disclosure upon the defendant there is an exception (Davies v London Provincial Marine Insurance Co, [1878]). The fifth being that reliance is require d to be placed by the plaintiff on such a representation for accounting of misrepresentation to be successful. With respect to negligence for claiming damages it is required for there to exist between the parties duty of care. There would exist between the parties a duty of care if there is proximity between the parties (Sappideen, Vines and Watson, 2009). Whether there is duty of care which exists is a matter of law. In the landmark case of Donoghue, the test for duty of care was established and was termed as the neighbor test as a duty of care is owed to the neighbor (Donoghue v Stevenson, [1932]). In law neighbor is Someone who is so closely affected by my acts that I ought reasonably to have them in contemplation as being so affected when I am directing my mind to the acts or omissions which are called in question. (Lord Atkin). In the case of Caparo Industries case, the Caparo test states that in addition to the damage being foreseeable, the ingredients which are necessary in a given situation to give rise to their being a duty of care are that there should between the party exist a relationship which under law is characterized as proximity and the situation should be such that the court considers it to be just, fair and reasonable that a duty should be imposed by law (Caparo Industries plc v Dickman, [1990]). The tort of negligent misstatement is one where there is an inaccurate statement made honestly but carelessly usually in the form of advice given by a party with special skill/knowledge to a party that doesnt possess this skill or knowledge" (Willesee Bill, Law management 252, Curtin Handbook 2010). Tepko Pty Ltd. v. Water Board as stated by Gleeson CJ, Gummow and Hayne JJ:34 (Tepko Pty Ltd. v. Water Board, [2001]): [I]t cannot be concluded, in my view, that the Water Board either knew or should have known that the appellants intended to act upon that cost estimate for any purpose, let alone a serious purpose. it is evident thus, in the given case that for their to exist a duty of care it is important that there should exist immediate relationship between the parties. The owners of the business premises owe towards the customers as well as the general public who are in the premise a duty of care. It was opined in the case of Strong v Woolworths (Strong v Woolworths, [2012]) that at the Big W entrance there was a claimant who slipped on a chip which was at the entrance. It was stated by the court that there was a duty of care that was owed by the occupier which was required to be compiled by it. It is essential for removing and inspecting any hazards that might be there leading to slipping within a period of every twenty minutes. In the case of Fitzsimmons v Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd the court required the business to comply with the duty of care. It was opined by the court in this case that there was a liability on Coles towards the woman who slipped and injured herself on the wet floor, despite the fact that there were three signs in the area that stated that the floor was wet (Fitzsimmons v Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd, [2013]). The employees of Cole had not mopped the spillage sufficiently. Though there were warning signs that were placed around the spill and an employee was asked to bring proper apparatus for cleaning, there was no staff available to monitor the area. There however, was no strict measures taken for ensuring that there was no harm caused. The above mentioned cases are important examples where business has been held responsible for tortious acts. While providing directions or giving advice to the customer it needs to be ensured that such representation made may form a part of the contract especially if the representor knowledge is greater than the knowledge of the representee. As opined in the case of Dick Bentley Productions v Harold Smith Motors wherein the statement that was made in respect to the cars condition by the defendant who was a car trader with specialized expertise. It turned out that this statement was not true, the issue raised was whether this statement was a representation or part of the contract. Due to the specialized knowledge of the trader and Mr. Smith had placed reliance on this expertise it was opined that it was actually a part of the contract (Dick Bentley Productions v Harold Smith Motors, [1965]). Further in the case of Telstra Corporation Ltd v Singtel Optus Pty Ltd, (No 2), it was stated by Elliott J (Telstra Corporation Ltd v Singtel Optus Pty Ltd, (No 2), [2014]), In this case there has been a real controversy. The claims made by Telstra have been strenuously opposed. In my view, it is appropriate that declarations be made in circumstances where the court has found that Optus has deliberately engaged in conduct that significantly contravened the Australian Consumer Law for a material period of time. The declarations will clearly identify the contravening conduct, will publicise the type of advertising that constitutes a contravention and provide a warning to business not to engage in misleading or deceptive conduct, or make false or misleading representations. In particular, the declaratory relief will aid in consumers being protected from making ill-informed decisions concerning long-term contracts for mobile phone plans. If an action is brought for negligence by a party that is aggrieved then only compensation can be made under law for the damages that have taken place. For misrepresentation on the other hand there are two remedies that are available the party can either at the time when the party becomes aware of the misrepresentation choose to rescind the contract or the party can sue the other party for the damages that have been caused due to the misrepresentation (Witting, 2009). A recent and controversial illustration where a business was made liable for negligent misrepresentation was the James Hardie case (ASIC v Macdonald (No 11), [2009]). There were two subsidiaries that were involved in making asbestos products although in 1987 the production stopped there were various asbestos related injury which developed. The estimated liability of the company increased due to this. In response to this James Hardie Group was restructured so as to minimize the asbestos related harm on the assets. Also a Medical Research and Compensation Fund was set up and statement was made stating that the funds were sufficient to care of the damage caused. There was also an agreement entered into that the parent company James Hardie Industries Ltd would not be held liable for the suits related to damage caused by asbestos. The government intervened in this case to make it possible for claimants under tort to receive the compensation which was due to them. When it comes to negligence and misrepresentation that are various statutory regulations that need to be complied with as well. The Sale of Goods Act, The Australian Consumer Law and The Corporations Act ensure that there is no negligent or misleading conduct. The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission is a statutory body which can bring an action in case of breach by the businesses of the statutory provisions. For example in the case of ACCC v Singtel Optus Pty Ltd where an advertisement that was misleading with respect to internet broadband plan a penalty of $5.26 million was ordered (ACCC v Singtel Optus Pty Ltd (No 4), [2011]). There certain defences which are available when it comes to negligence, the first being that of voluntary assumption of risk whereby a person knowing the risk for action placed himself in such a situation, no damages for injury can be incurred in such a situation. Reeves v Commissioner of Police "The choice made must be free and unconstrained - ie voluntary, deliberate and informed"; the second being that of contributory negligence wherein there was a contribution by the plaintiff himself for the damage being caused (Froom v Butcher, [1990]); and finally that of dangerous recreational activities wherein the person undertakes a recreational activity with obvious dangers attached there cannot be any compensation sought for the injury caused (Fallas v Mourlas, [2006]). The defence for misrepresentation is that if the person making the statement can prove that on reasonable he believed that statement was true or it was someone else who had made the statement and there was no reason for him to believe that it was not true. Though, misrepresentation and negligence are the primary tortious activities that a business maybe liable of. There are other torts as well for which liability may arise such as trespass by interfering wrongfully into someone elses property in a commercial setup this would occur when there is interference by a party to conducting of a business or fulfilling of a contract or nuisance as opined in the case of Cambridge Water Co Ltd v Eastern Counties Leather plc that for tort of nuisance to exist there is required to be reasonable foreseeability similar to establishing of tort of negligence (Cambridge Water Co Ltd v Eastern Counties Leather plc, [1994]). References ACCC v Singtel Optus Pty Ltd (No 4) [2011]FCA 761. ASIC v Macdonald (No 11) [2009]NSWSC 287. Bonnington Castings v Wardlaw [1956]AC 613. Cambridge Water Co Ltd v Eastern Counties Leather plc [1994]1 business-law. Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990]UKHL 2. Cork v. Kirby, [1952]2 All ER 402. Davies v London Provincial Marine Insurance Co [1878]8 Ch D 469. Dick Bentley Productions v Harold Smith Motors [1965]EWCA Civ 2. Donoghue v Stevenson [1932]UKHL 100. Eddington v Fitzmaurice [1885]29 Ch D 459. Fallas v Mourlas [2006]NSWCA 32. Fitzsimmons v Coles Super markets Australia Pty Ltd, [2013]NSWCA 273. Froom v Butcher [1990]1 QB 286. Gilo, D. and Guttel,, E. (2017). Negligence and Insufficient Activity: The Missing Paradigm in Torts. Michigan Law Review, 108(3). Henderson, J. and James, A. (2017). Learned Hand's Paradox: An Essay on Custom in Negligence Law. California Law Review, 105(1), p.168. Paterson, J., Robertson, A. and Duke, A. (2009). Contract: Cases and Materials. 11th ed. Lawbook Co,. Public Trustee v Taylor [1978]VR 289. Sappideen, C., Vines, P. and Watson, P. (2009). Torts: Commentary and Materials. 10th ed. Lawbook Co. Smith v Land House Property Corp [1884]28 Ch D 7. Strong v Woolworths [2012]HCA 5. Telstra Corporation Ltd v Singtel Optus Pty Ltd, (No 2) [2014]VSC 35. Tepko Pty Ltd. v. Water Board [2001]HCA 19. Witting, C. (2009). Liability for Corporate Wrongs. 6 Company and Securities Law Journa.

Shine Essays - English-language Films, Films,

Shine Directed by Scott Hicks, the drama Shine is a formalist masterpiece. Writing the piece as a fiction film gave the author license to alter the events in the story of David Helfgott, a real musician who had a nervous breakdown on his way to magnificence. Geoffrey Rush's portrayal gave life and believability to David, and Rush won an Academy Award for his realistic method acting. He had not only to provide depth to the character, but had additional physical demands placed upon him due to David's irregular speech and his tendency to twitch. Both setting and costume are unobtrusive, allowing the audience to focus on the characters rather than their adornments. The formalistic style allows for manipulation of time, and the film begins in medias reas, jumping back and then foreward as it progresses. The structure is highly fragmented, and much of the action is cyclical. Every element of film composition is elegantly intertwined in this picture, mingling together to form connections and patterns out of seemingly separated things. The film opens with a close shot side-view of the protagonist's face as he smokes a cigarette, smoke drifting up from his lips and into the surrounding darkness. He is talking, but that soon is faded into the sound of rainwater. The rain becomes visible as it replaces David's face in a fade technique, and David enters the frame and walks from the right of the screen to its left, suggesting change and action. He arrives at a restaurant window, peers in, and falls into a strange conversation with the employees. This is now the chronological middle of the story, and, while common in Medieval literature, is a highly unorthodox place to begin a picture. Though this film is more easily classified as a formalist piece, it has outstanding avant garde elements throughout. The transition from the restaurant to the car is masked by the dialogue covering it. Since the acting overrides editing as a way to convey meaning in Shine, Hicks employs many sound motifs to ease editing transitions and make them seem more natural. As the discussion fades and the rain again takes auditory prominence, the scene darkens and the water becomes the clapping of many hands. In this way David eases into a flashback of his childhood. He walks small and silent to the stage for his first competition, and a long shot is used to emphasise the fright and anxiety of the boy. Other transitory devices include David's glasses, his hands on the piano keys, and sometimes a change in his costume, such as when he first plays the restaurant in rags. When he stands to receive his applause, he is dressed much more nicely, now an employee of the establishment. Hicks also employs classical cutting techniques, which depend on the content curve (the moment when the audience has had a chance to assimilate all information presented but not analyse or become bored with it) to determine breaks in scenes. One example of this technique is after David presents his professor with the Rack III and asks "Am I mad enough?" The scene is cut before the professor answers, and the following scene is the professor intensively training David on the very piece. Cutting for continuity is commonly used to condense time while maintaining a sense of the actions taking place between two major events. Preparations for one of David's concerts are edited in such a manner, making a ritual out of the ordeal while not wasting too much time on it. Besides editing, relationships can be suggested through film devices such as proxemic ranges, angles, and reaction shots. After David loses his first competition, his father stares at the ground while walking well ahead of the boy. His father is disappointed, and David is rather unaware of any problem as he innocently plays hopscotch as he follows. The reactions of David's father and his instructor are shown through parallel editing when the announcement of the National Champion does not coincide with their hopes for David. Both are displeased, but Mr. Helfgott simmers with barely restrained anger. Since he was denied music as a child, he forces it upon David and demands greatness from him. Later in the film, David is filmed standing on the second floor of a library balcony as his father calls to him from below. The low angle used when the scene is shot from the father's point of view suggests his decrease in power and his growing respect for his son. Moments before they walked down the hall to

Organized labor essays

Organized labor essays Organized labor, during the period from 1875 to 1900, was not as successful in improving the position of workers as one was hoping it would be. There are many results that arose from these organized labor attempts that prove how unsuccessful they actually were. These results include the collapse of many labor unions such as, NLU, Knights of Labor, and ARU, the failure of many strikes such as, the Great Railroad Strike, the Haymarket Riot, and the Pullman Strike, and the techniques used by management to defeat labor. The National Labor Union, otherwise known as NLU, was organized following the time of the Civil War. This labor union was created by William Sylvis. The NLU had a couple of main goals. One goal was to return to the ways of early America; the time when workers controlled the average workday and could actually make a decent living and not have to work their heart and soul out for pennies a day. They demanded eight hour work days, on average, eight hours for work, eight hours for rest, eight hours for what we will. They wanted equal opportunities for craft workers, skilled and unskilled workers, and even reformers. The only exclusions were those involved with banks, defending (lawyers), and the disbursement of liquor. At their height, more than 600,000 people were involved with this union, making it the first largest national union. By the early 1870s, the NLU had created their own political party, a third party. But, to much disappointment, in the elections of 1872, they lost, heavily. With the Panic of 1872 and the Depression in the mid-1870s, the NLU collapsed. The Knights of Labor was established in 1871 by Uriah Stephens, a Protestant. Many were drawn to this organization. These Knights were led by Terence V. Powderly and was open to any variety of the working class. In 1878, they fought for equal pay for women and even le...

Security is a major problem with the Internet Essay

Security is a major problem with the Internet - Essay Example The internet has become so huge that it is now nearly impossible to keep a check on all the activity that goes on in the internet. What are these threats The most common security threats of using the computer are hacking, phishing, viruses, worms, spam, and spyware. According to Victor Sabadash, Hacking is unauthorized use of computer or network resources. (2004) This includes hacking into other people's computers and also hacking other people's passwords. This has become very common nowadays. According to Symantec Software Solutions, new threats have increased from 125243 to 711912 from 2006 to 2007. This is a 468 percent increase in just one year. (Business Standard, 2008) These figures show why this is a major problem with the internet. You can make your computer safe by installing a firewall on to it. A firewall is a program that detects unauthorized users who try to hack into your computer and it stops that activity. Phishing is uses emails to ask for personal information by using the names of reputable organizations for example Citibank etc. This fools people into giving their personal information to these hackers. These hackers use this information for financial theft, identity loss, and fraud. (Russel Kay, 2004) Symantec has seen 87963, which is a 167 percent increase, in phishing hosts in just the last sic months of 2007. (Business Standard, 2008) This increase also proves how security is a major problem of internet. The only way phishing can be avoided is to understand the occurrence of this and think before giving out your password and other personal information online. You can also check the reliability of the source of the website.A Computer virus is a program which replaces itself or attaches itself to other programs in an individuals computer without the knowledge of the owner. These infect the computer in different ways. Sometimes viruses are not noticeable while sometimes they can de stroy the hard drive. Worms are something similar to a virus. It is a program which usually proliferates through network connections. It needs a host program, otherwise it would not be able to function. (Markus Hanhisalo) In 2003, $55 billion was spent on cost of computer viruses by businesses. (Cyberoam, 2004) There are different anti viruses nowadays that deal with all sorts of viruses. Installing these anti viruses onto your computer can help you detect and delete the virus before it spreads and destroys the PC. Email is the cheapest way to pass a message to many people at the same time. Spam unwanted emails that come into your email inbox which you refer to as junk mail. These mail usually promote products and sometimes even ask for personal information, for example credit card number etc., in the email. These emails were only a nuisance but now viruses are spread through this and phishing is also becoming common because of this. The statistics show that spam is increasing. According to a source, 92.3 percent of emails sent in the first three months of 2008 were all spam and 23300 spam related web sites are discovered everyday. (Robert Jaques, 2008) This is why spam is becoming a major problem for internet security. Spywares are programs that are installed onto one's computer without his permission. These programs basically spy on the activities that take

Week #7 Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week #7 - Article Example Nature’s standards include productivity, but also require that the land be used well and that people are willing and able to use it well† (Bring It To The table, p.3). I strongly agree with Berry’s core belief towards being responsible caretakers of Mother Nature so as it will also be kind to us humans. This is especially relevant today, highlighting the need for humans to be more educated towards how to treat and use our natural resources well because of the many natural disasters that have taken many lives and livelihood from people. â€Å"Bring It To The Table† & â€Å"Jorge Luis Borgers: Funes, His Memory† for me has a lot of correlated ideas. In the line of the narrator to Funes that said â€Å"this rhapsody of unconnected terms was precisely the contrary of a system of enumeration. Funes did not understand me, or did not wish to understand me" (Jorge Luis Borgers:Funes, His Memory, p.113). Just like how we have a tendency to just take from the world or Mother Nature and disregard the proper processes such as in agriculture, in the end, nature will take its toll on us in such a way, perhaps, that it produces harmful produce that through years of intake would cause our bodies serious harm. Therefore, based on these two readings, I would say that there are no exemptions to the Golden Rule. â€Å"Do not do unto others, what you do not want others to do unto

Selection and Decision Making in Recruitment Essay Example for Free

Selection and Decision Making in Recruitment Essay For this assignment I am required to produce an information leaflet, for a newly appointed manager, which will describe how to plan for effective selection interviews in order to appoint the perfect individual/s for the job. My chosen organisation is Tesco who conduct different selection processes for different jobs; I will be concentrating on the floor manager of a Tesco store. Newly appointed floor managers for my chosen organisation Tesco will have to plan ahead, communicate effectively and make discuss selection and decision making. One of the main things the manager has to do before the selection process even starts is prior planning, below is what the manager has to do before the interview takes place: The manager of Tesco has to plan prior to the interview; he/she has to select the interview panel. The manager of Tesco can select a supervisor and executive manager for the panel as these people are already working within the store and the manager doesnt have to go and get other human resources from headquarters which waste valuable time. Having a interview panel is effective as it makes sure discrimination against the applicant/s doesnt happen and also the panel can check if the level of techniques such as communicational skills are used throughout all the interviews, it makes sure standards dont slip. Types of interview: The manager has to decide what sort of interview he/she will have to under take, considering in this case the manager is a Tescofloor manager he/she should only consider group interviews if employing staff on a large scale such as floor staff, (shelf stackers, costumer service assistance etc) this will save time as larger number of applicants are interviews quicker, however, having group interview means not all skills of an individual may be known to the manager but this does not matter as much as these applicants are only floor staff. Also one-to-one interviews should be considered because these interviews discover a lot about the applicant as it is only one person and not a group, a one-to-one interview is suitable for a higher ranking job such as assistant manager as more skills are required compared to a shelf stacker. Tescos do not need to  conduct any other types of interviews such as telephone interviews because it is not suitable for the job they advertise. The amount of stages in the interview has to be considered, for Tesco the manager has a choice between singular staged or multiple staged interviews, it is suitable to have a multiple staged interview which Tesco currently do than a one staged interview, more stages means the applicant goes through intense testing and interviews meaning he/she is more likely to be suitable for the job. Doing a singular staged interview doesnt find out all the skills of a person and the wrong person may be selected for the job and also that person may perform bad on that one interview, whereas, having more than one stage means the performance can be averaged which is more fair. However, the more stages in interviews the more time, so, the manager has to consider time as it will take more time for multiple staged interviews. Other selection methods will have to be considered, Tesco currently undertake Psychometric Tests which measure the sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality of the applicant, this should be undertaken by the floor manager of Tescos as most of the staff will need good personality, memory etc for their job as they will be working with costumers. There are also multiple choice questions which are a series of question and usually four possible answers where one answer is correct, this usually finds out the technical knowledge of the applicant of the job. Finally, the manager must consider during the planning equal opportunities, he/she will have to undertake measures to make sure each applicant is treated equally and not discriminated; having an interview panel solves this problem as there is more than one person conducting the interview and less chance of discriminations. Also, a tape recorder can be used so if the applicant protests to the way he/she was treated, the tape can be used as evidence. Communicational Skills The manager has to consider his/hers/interviewers communicational skills; this is a vital role in an interview as it can make the applicant reject the  job due to inappropriate language used. Firstly, the manager has to decide whether to use effective, ineffective or a combination of both questions because asking too many ineffective questions may bore the applicant, whereas, having too many effective questions may make the applicant feel uncomfortable, so, I would recommend to use a combination of both effective and ineffective question so the applicant is neither bored or uncomfortable throughout the interview. As the floor manager will be looking for certain skills from his potential employees, asking various types questions would be ideal to find out the skills, this is an indirect way of knowing the applicants skills and is another way to check the applicant is not lying about his/her skills, a direct way of finding out about the skills is to look at the applicants CV, ask previous employer and/or ask direct questions to the applicant. I would recommend the manager to use various types of questions, below is what the manager should use or tell the interviewer to use during the interview itself: Open questions These are questions without a particular answer and makes the applicant feel less under pressure as its an indirect question, an example of an open question is Why do you want the job? or How do you handle stress?, the advantage of using these types of questions is that it lets the interviewer know the creative side of the applicant and is a way not making the applicant uncomfortable. Closed questions These are basically yes or no questions. They are very direct and I wouldnt recommend the manager to make use of these very much as they make the applicant feel uncomfortable, however, they do find out the relevant information and an example of a closed question is Do you have a criminal record? or Can you work in a group?. Hypothetical/ Situational These are similar types of questions, these are used to see if you would do the right thing during a situations e.g. the interviewer may ask what would you do if you saw someone stealing? this would be an ideal question as this person would be working in Tescos were stealing is quite common and the applicants answer should be something like I would inform security instead of saying something like I would ignore it which would send the wrong message out to the interviewer. The manager has to consider how personal information such as criminal records could be checked; he/she could either directly ask the applicant during the interview, check the applicants CV before the interview and/or check with the criminal records bureau to confirm any spent convictions. The manager of Tescos will also have to make sure the interviewer or himself make use of good body language, this means using the right tone of voice and not being rude, this makes the applicant feel welcomed and feel he/she is an ideal environment rather than in an environment where he/she is under pressure. At the same time the manager has to make sure that the interviewer listens to the applicant, it is always important to ask the applicant if he/she has anything to say rather than ending the interview with a goodbye. Furthermore, the interview is about the applicant not the interviewer, so, the applicant should be speaking more than the interviewer, and about 80% of the interview should be the applicant speaking. Analysis and summarisation of information gathered in the interview is vital as it is needed during short listing candidates, there are several ways in which the interviewer can gather information, firstly via a tape recorder, and this does not waste the interviewers time as he/she doesnt have to write much down. Secondly, the interviewer her/himself can simply use a pen and paper to gather information during the interview, however, this is time consuming and all information may not be accurate and finally, there could be two interviewers, on asking questions and the other gathering and analysing information, this is a good idea as this system also makes sure discrimination doesnt take place.